What complication is commonly associated with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome?

Hypoxemic respiratory failure is commonly associated with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome because the inhalation of meconium-stained amniotic fluid can lead to airway obstruction, inflammation, and impaired gas exchange in the lungs. When a newborn inhales meconium, it can cause a physical obstruction in the airways and also result in chemical pneumonitis due to irritation from the meconium itself. This combination can significantly decrease oxygen levels in the blood, leading to hypoxemia, which is the primary issue in hypoxemic respiratory failure.

In the context of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome, managing the infant's airway and ensuring adequate ventilation are crucial to treat or prevent severe hypoxemic episodes. The recognition of this condition is vital in neonatal care, as it may require immediate interventions to stabilize the infant and provide appropriate respiratory support.