Which diagnostic imaging findings are typically associated with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome?

Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) typically presents specific findings on diagnostic imaging, particularly chest X-rays. The correct response highlights the presence of coarse nodular opacities and atelectasis, which are indicative of the airway obstruction and inflammation caused by meconium in the lungs.

When a newborn inhales meconium-stained amniotic fluid during or before birth, it can lead to a range of pulmonary complications. The coarse nodular opacities observed on the imaging represent areas where meconium is obstructing airways, causing localized inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue. This obstruction often results in atelectasis, or lung collapse, which can be seen as areas of increased density on X-rays.

Other choices may depict findings related to different pulmonary conditions. For example, the presence of fluid in fissures and air bronchograms is more commonly associated with pneumonia or pulmonary edema rather than MAS. Diffuse or focal infiltrates can indicate a variety of lung pathologies, and while granular appearance and low lung volumes could suggest other respiratory issues, they do not specifically represent the hallmark imaging findings seen in MAS.

Thus, the imaging findings of coarse nodular opacities and atelectasis are classic for Meconium Aspiration Syndrome