Which of the following is a criterion for initiating therapeutic hypothermia in infants?

Initiating therapeutic hypothermia in infants, especially in the context of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), is primarily based on the assessment of the infant’s neurological condition. An abnormal neurological examination is a key criterion, as it indicates the potential for significant brain injury and suggests the need for intervention to improve outcomes. This criterion is based on evidence showing that infants with altered neurological status, such as seizures or reduced responsiveness, are at a higher risk for more severe neurological impairment.

Other options related to gestational age, weight, and temperature stability do not serve as appropriate standalone criteria for starting therapeutic hypothermia. While factors like premature gestation or low birth weight may be relevant in the overall evaluation of a newborn’s health, the immediate decision for therapeutic hypothermia hinges on the neurological assessment, reflecting the pressing need to protect the brain in the context of expected injury.

Thus, an abnormal neurological exam is vital in guiding clinicians toward employing therapeutic hypothermia as a protective measure against further neural damage.